美财长耶伦:3%左右的通胀率或持续到年底,加息对社会和美联储有利
美国财长耶伦表示,近期物价的上涨势头将会消退,而美国劳动力市场虽然有所改善,但要恢复到新冠疫情前的水平还有很长的路要走。耶伦周六在七国集团财长会议后于伦敦举行的新闻发布会上表示:
“我们看到了一些通胀,但我认为这不是永久性的。我相信我们将在今年余下时间看到较高的通胀率——可能在3%左右。”
不过耶伦警告称,官员们仍在密切关注物价上涨。
“我不想说就此已经完全拿定主意。我们将非常仔细地观察形势,密切关注它,并在证明有必要时尝试解决出现的问题。”
耶伦认为,美国总统拜登的4万亿美元支出计划对美国有利,即使这可能导致通胀上升并最终致使利率上调。耶伦说加息对社会和美联储有利:
“如果我们最终的利率水平略微升高,这实际上对(美国)社会和美联储而言都是有利的。过去十年来,我们一直在与过低的通胀和利率作斗争,我们希望回到正常的利率环境。如果这有助于缓解一些情况,那么就不是坏事,而是一件好事。”
最近几个月围绕通胀的争论愈演愈烈,像耶伦这样的人士认为当前物价上涨是由疫情造成的异常情况推动的,例如供应链瓶颈和经济重开时支出激增,但也有批评者指出数万亿美元的政府援助可能会导致物价持续飙升。
美国4月消费者价格同比上涨了4.2%,5月份的数据将于本周四公布。
“我个人认为这代表了暂时性因素,”耶伦说,并补充说政策应该忽视这些因素。
耶伦在七国集团会议后发表讲话,政策制定者在会上就对一些最赚钱公司征收全球最低税率达成协议。耶伦表示:
“一些人对财政可持续性感到担忧,并且表达了当经济重回正轨时希望开始撤出宽松政策的意愿。我们认为大多数国家都有财政空间。”
耶伦说,虽然经济复苏正在扎根,但美国仍有数百万人在疫情期间失业,并且尚未重返劳动力队伍。
“我们不应期望这一过程在一两个月内完成,”她说,但补充说美国可能会在明年某个时候回归充分就业状态。
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