数字人民币(6.4387, 0.0047, 0.07%)没想替代美元和第三方支付
数字人民币相关话题受到持续关注。中国金融学会会长、清华大学五道口金融学院名誉院长周小川日前在2021清华五道口全球金融论坛上回应了近期部分关于数字人民币的讨论,澄清了部分误读。
有观点认为,中国的数字人民币体系(DC/EP)无论怎么发展,也替代不了美元在国际上的主导地位。“这个说法本身就不对,因为DC/EP的发展主要是立足于国内支付系统的现代化,跟上数字经济和互联网时代的步伐,提高效能、降低成本,特别是为零售支付系统服务。本来设计的目的和努力的方向,就没有想取代美元的储备货币地位和国际支付货币地位。”周小川说。
还有说法称,中国数字人民币的研发试点与人民币国际化密切挂钩。周小川表示,人民币支付系统的现代化、数字化对于提高人民币的地位,提高人民币的跨境使用会有一定的帮助,但也不会是太大的帮助。人民币国际化更多取决于体制、政策上的选择,更多取决于我国改革开放的进展,而不是技术上的因素。
对于“人民银行推动的DC/EP是想取代第三方支付的角色”的说法,周小川说,中国人民银行明确DC/EP的计划是一种双层系统,而且整个研发队伍是由人民银行组织,由主要商业银行,还有电信营运商和几大第三方支付机构共同参与研发,都是在以往工作基础上,迈向升级换代的新台阶。“大家都是在一条船上。当然在一条船上的人有时候也会有不同意见,有时候也可能在有些问题上有争议。但毕竟在一条船上,并不是有些人说的好像是一种内斗,谁会取代谁。”
此外,周小川还回应了关于可控匿名的议论,他说,支付系统必然要在保护隐私和反洗钱、反恐、反毒品和反跨境赌博之间取得一个平衡。既保护隐私,同时还要对某些活动实行必要的监控。“中国DC/EP明确提出可控匿名,表达的意思就是保护隐私和反洗钱反毒品交易,在这中间找到一个平衡点。”
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