美联储周三宣布,有资格直接使用市政流动性工具(MLF)实体的数量和类型都将增加
就在美国各地的市政当局都在要求联邦政府提供更多的“直升机撒钱”的时候,美联储刚刚加大了救助美国各州和城市的力度。
美国也吃上“麻辣粉”(MLF)了,不同于中国的麻辣粉(Medium-term Lending Facility)为中期借贷便利,美国的MLF是Municipal Liquidity Facility的缩写,即市政流动性工具,简而言之就是美联储可以更直接地为美国各州和地方政府提供资金。
就在美联储逐步缩减其购买美国国债的计划之际,美联储主动提出将各州的一级发行直接货币化(每个州最多可将两个城市的一级发行货币化)。
美联储周三宣布,有资格直接使用市政流动性工具(Municipal Liquidity Facility, MLF)的实体的数量和类型都将增加。
根据新条款,美国各州将至少有两个城市或县有资格直接向MLF发行票据,无论人口多少。
每个州的州长还可以在其管辖范围内指定两家发行人有资格直接使用该工具,这类发行人的收入通常来自运营的政府活动(如公共交通、机场、收费设施和公用事业)。
除上述扩大的条款外,MLF继续直接向美国各州、哥伦比亚特区、人口为25万以上的美国城市、人口为50万以上的美国县以及某些多州实体开放。
MLF是根据《联邦储备法》第13(3)条设立的,并得到了财政部长的批准。它将向各州和市政当局提供高达5000亿美元的贷款,以帮助管理由新冠疫情大流行造成的现金流压力。
当然,美联储支持各地方政府的这笔“贷款”并不像联邦政府的“free money”那么低廉,但很明显,这也表示美国国家财政状况确实很糟糕。
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